A review about biocontrollers of Phytophthora capsici and its impact on Capsicum plants: A perspective from outside to inside the plant

Phytophthora capsici is an oomycete that causes various symptoms, such as root, neck, stem, fruit rot, and leaf blight, in different plant species, including the genus Capsicum. One of tools to counteract this biotic problem, which may be more profitable respectful environment long term, using biocontrollers Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces (bacteria), Trichoderma (fungus). It seems each these microorganisms has mechanisms allow them inhibit reduce growth P. capsici, negatively affecting development sporangia, germination motility zoospores, expansion germ tube. Although direct biocontrol action on phytopathogen correlates with reduction symptoms Capsicum plants or other would also involve activation defense responses against induced by microorganisms. The activity several enzymes related isoflavonoid pathways reactive oxygen well expression genes encode proteins pathogenesis can activate jasmonic acid, salicylic ethylene signaling pathways. Despite few existing works biochemical molecular interaction Capsicum–P. capsici–biocontroller, review, we outlined elucidated possible effects metabolic tripartite pathosystem.